Metalworking fluid is used in the metalworking process to lubricate and cool the workpiece, tool or abrasive tool. In order to improve processing efficiency, workpiece accuracy and surface quality, extend the service life of tools and abrades, in addition to reasonable selection of tools, mold materials, geometric parameters, heat treatment specifications and processing amount in accordance with processing conditions, but also the correct choice of metal working fluid.

Cutting is a process of metal processing, it is the use of cutting tools with cutting edges (cutting tools or grinding wheels) to remove excess metal from the workpiece, so that the workpiece can obtain the specified shape, size and surface quality of the finished or semi-finished workpiece.

A metal cutting processing method: saw, turning, milling, planing, grinding, drilling, reaming, boring, tapping, pulling, etc

Typical machining surface: inner circle, outer circle, pore, plane.

According to surface quality: rough processing, semi-finishing, finishing, super finishing

Surface roughness: used to indicate the quality of the machined surface, the symbol is Ra, the unit is μm

According to the Angle at which the metal material can be cut, it can be divided into:

1, easy cutting materials: non-ferrous metals: aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium zinc alloy, brass, lead bronze

2, common materials: non-ferrous metals: copper, high strength bronze,

Ferrous metal: cast iron, medium and low carbon steel

3, difficult to cut materials:

Non-ferrous metals: titanium, nickel

High alloy steel: heat resistant steel, high speed steel, stainless steel,

High-low carbon alloy steel: manganese steel, nickel-chromium steel, bearing steel, carbon steel, nickel-chromium copper alloy steel

Three types of cutting fluid: oil-based (animal oil, vegetable oil, mineral oil), water-based (emulsion, microemulsion, synthetic liquid).

1. International classification standards

The international classification standard ISO 6743/7----1986 has a total of 17 types, of which 8 (MHA -- MHH) are non-hydrophobic metal working fluids and 9 (MAA -- MAI) are hydrophobic metal working fluids. These varieties are suitable for 44 different processing conditions such as cutting, grinding, EDM, thin rolling, extreme pressure, wire drawing, forging and rolling.

2. Domestic standards

In China, the equivalent use of ISO 6743/7-1986 developed the standard GB7631.5-89 "Lubricant related products (Class L) classification Part V: Group M (Metal processing)"

The main products for lubrication requirements are pure oils i.e. MH (also includes MHG grease wax MHH soap powder solid lubricants or mixtures thereof)

The cooling requirements are mainly aqueous solution, that is, MA class

MH: Oil

L-mha pure mineral oil is mostly used for heavy duty cutting, honing (conducive to iron powder settlement)

L-mhb fat oil (or oil additive) + mineral oil is mostly used for finishing screw, hobbing, shaving, pulling pin

L-mhc non-active EP cutting oil, mineral oil + non-active EP additive

L-mhd active EP cutting oil, mineral oil + reactive sulfur EP additive

L-mhe and L-MHF compound cutting oil, mineral oil + oil additive and EP additive

MA class: Water-soluble cutting fluid

L-maa Anti-rust emulsion (50-80% oil)

L-mab anti-rust lubricating emulsion with animal and vegetable fats or long chain fatty acids

L-mac extreme pressure emulsion containing extreme pressure agent, tapping, broaching and other heavy duty cutting

L-mad extreme pressure emulsion containing extreme pressure agent, tapping, broaching and other heavy duty cutting

L-mae microemulsion (oil 10%-30%) working liquid emulsion particles below 0.1 micron

L-maf extreme pressure emulsion containing extreme pressure agent for medium and heavy duty cutting

L-mag chemical synthetic cutting fluid

L-mah extreme pressure chemical synthetic cutting fluid

L-mai Grease and paste mixture with water